the same entry also names: Chojecki Michał, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Paweł, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Krzysztof †, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Tomasz †8 persons on 8 hearths
Home › Castle court records / Old sources › The hearth-tax registers 1775–1794 › Choja
Hearth Tax Registers of the Łuków Land 1775–1794
Choja
Parish of Zbuczyn, łukowski county.
Dear reader, remember that this is an AI study, that it may contain errors; treat it as indicative and verify it for yourself.
Offices: Jastrzębski Antoni (land chamberlain of the Łuków Land (komornik ziemi łukowskiej)
spellings on the cards: Choja
district of łukowski · parish of Zbuczyn · cards 1), 2), 3), 4), 5)
noble holdings [O83 (IX)]
| Year | Source | Entries | Hearths |
|---|---|---|---|
| T75 | Hearth tax register 1775 | 10 | 18 |
| T89 | Hearth tax register 1789 | 7 | 17 |
| T90 | Hearth tax register 1790 | 9 | 21 |
| T94 | Hearth tax register 1794 | 9 | 21 |
Caveats on the years' registers (3)
What the compiler noted beside the entry itself, and what the table above does not show:
- T89 — The cross-reference „– zob. Cielemięc;” stands in the same line as the total („Razem… 17 d.”), that is OUTSIDE the listing of entries and beyond the stroke closing the year — it therefore contributes no hearths to the total of 17. It points to the village of Cielemięc (cards 1)–359 of the card index).
- T₀89 — A list of the possessors of holdings from 1789; it gives no hearths (the hearths figure null throughout). Fifteen entries: twelve in the left-hand column (1–12) and three in the right (13–15). The brace with the annotation „nie wysiewają 10 korcy” takes in only the three entries of the right-hand column. The surname Chojecki is written on this card mostly with „-oi-” („Choieckiego”), less often „Chojeckiego” — in the surname I give the normalized form „Chojecki”, in the text of the extract the wording from the card.
- T90 — The card qualifies all the hearths of the village as „dymy wiejskie 2giej klasy” — the formula written out at entry A and repeated by repetition marks at every following one, and at the end in the total: „Razem – 21 dymów wiejskich 2giej klasy”. This card has no markers of the /pł. of./ type at all.
The card-index entries
Every extract for this locality in the wording of the cards, year by year. One block is one occurrence: this person, in this year. At a collective item the same card text stands beside every person named — because the card names them together and they must not be separated. The hearths given at a collective item are an equal division among those named, not a reading.
1775 T75Hearth tax register 1775
the same entry also names: Chojecki Michał, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Paweł, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Józef †, Chojecki Tomasz †8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight forenames, eight hearths — the reckoning agrees. The word „Sukcessorów” stands at the end of the line, before „Krzysztofa, Wojciecha”: I refer it only to Krzysztof, because at Józef and Tomasz the compiler repeated „Sukcess.” separately before each forename. It cannot be ruled out, however, that „Sukcessorów” also covers Wojciech — the card does not settle this. The surname „Chojeckich” is underlined with a wavy line.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Paweł, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Krzysztof †, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Józef †, Chojecki Tomasz †8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight forenames, eight hearths — the reckoning agrees. The word „Sukcessorów” stands at the end of the line, before „Krzysztofa, Wojciecha”: I refer it only to Krzysztof, because at Józef and Tomasz the compiler repeated „Sukcess.” separately before each forename. It cannot be ruled out, however, that „Sukcessorów” also covers Wojciech — the card does not settle this. The surname „Chojeckich” is underlined with a wavy line.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Michał, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Krzysztof †, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Józef †, Chojecki Tomasz †8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight forenames, eight hearths — the reckoning agrees. The word „Sukcessorów” stands at the end of the line, before „Krzysztofa, Wojciecha”: I refer it only to Krzysztof, because at Józef and Tomasz the compiler repeated „Sukcess.” separately before each forename. It cannot be ruled out, however, that „Sukcessorów” also covers Wojciech — the card does not settle this. The surname „Chojeckich” is underlined with a wavy line.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Michał, Chojecki Paweł, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Krzysztof †, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Józef †, Chojecki Tomasz †8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight forenames, eight hearths — the reckoning agrees. The word „Sukcessorów” stands at the end of the line, before „Krzysztofa, Wojciecha”: I refer it only to Krzysztof, because at Józef and Tomasz the compiler repeated „Sukcess.” separately before each forename. It cannot be ruled out, however, that „Sukcessorów” also covers Wojciech — the card does not settle this. The surname „Chojeckich” is underlined with a wavy line.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Michał, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Paweł, Chojecki Krzysztof †, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Józef †, Chojecki Tomasz †8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight forenames, eight hearths — the reckoning agrees. The word „Sukcessorów” stands at the end of the line, before „Krzysztofa, Wojciecha”: I refer it only to Krzysztof, because at Józef and Tomasz the compiler repeated „Sukcess.” separately before each forename. It cannot be ruled out, however, that „Sukcessorów” also covers Wojciech — the card does not settle this. The surname „Chojeckich” is underlined with a wavy line.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Michał, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Paweł, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Krzysztof †, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Józef †8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight forenames, eight hearths — the reckoning agrees. The word „Sukcessorów” stands at the end of the line, before „Krzysztofa, Wojciecha”: I refer it only to Krzysztof, because at Józef and Tomasz the compiler repeated „Sukcess.” separately before each forename. It cannot be ruled out, however, that „Sukcessorów” also covers Wojciech — the card does not settle this. The surname „Chojeckich” is underlined with a wavy line.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Michał, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Paweł, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Krzysztof †, Chojecki Józef †, Chojecki Tomasz †8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight forenames, eight hearths — the reckoning agrees. The word „Sukcessorów” stands at the end of the line, before „Krzysztofa, Wojciecha”: I refer it only to Krzysztof, because at Józef and Tomasz the compiler repeated „Sukcess.” separately before each forename. It cannot be ruled out, however, that „Sukcessorów” also covers Wojciech — the card does not settle this. The surname „Chojeckich” is underlined with a wavy line.
„Pustki” as in entry 9 — the name of a part of the village, not a byname.
The words „cz. Szymonowey” are underlined on the card with one horizontal stroke running ALONG the baseline, below the letters, not through them — this is an underlining, not a striking-out; the neighbouring entries (3, 4) have no underlining. That Szymon Łęczycki was already dead is confirmed by T90 (card 2), entry B) and T94 (card 4), entry 3): „sukces. Szymona Łęczyckiego”.
A WOMAN. The card gives no forename of her own, only the husband-derived form „Szymonowey” — recorded literally in the recorded form of the name, the given name is left empty. I do not expand it: the card does not say which Szymon she was the wife of.
I read the byname as „Chrzun.” [reading uncertain]; the compiler of the card index himself added after it „(?)”, so he too was not certain of the reading from the register.
On the card „Anasta(zego)” — the expansion of the abbreviation in brackets comes from the maker of the card index, not from me.
The card gives no forename.
„Pustki” I treat as the name of a part of the village, not as a byname: the same word stands in entry 10 beside another surname (Wielgorskiego).
1789 T89Hearth tax register 1789
the same entry also names: Zdanowski Piotr2 persons on 2 hearths
The third forename — a repeated „Jakuba” — is struck through on the card with a horizontal stroke and does not count toward the hearths; two persons and two hearths remain. The reading of the struck-out word is certain (visible under the stroke).
the same entry also names: Zdanowski Jakub2 persons on 2 hearths
The third forename — a repeated „Jakuba” — is struck through on the card with a horizontal stroke and does not count toward the hearths; two persons and two hearths remain. The reading of the struck-out word is certain (visible under the stroke).
The original „o ogr.” corrected: above the word „bez” is overwritten, and the „o” struck out — I read „1 chat. bez ogr.”. The breakdown sums correctly: 1 manor house + 1 cottage = 2 hearths.
The card does not write numerals beside the buildings („dwór, chat.”), but the reckoning „= 2 d.” gives 1 manor house + 1 cottage. Above the word „ogr.” a sign „z” is superscribed (not the digit 2 — its shape differs from the twos in „= 2 d.” on the same card), and the further run „bez ogr. i ogr.” is struck through with one horizontal stroke.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Paweł, Chojecki Maciej, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Jakub8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths.
On the card the abbreviation „Andr:”; I expand it to „Andrzej” as the only forename with this beginning attested in this area.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Paweł, Chojecki Maciej, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Andr[zej], Chojecki Jakub8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Paweł, Chojecki Maciej, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Andr[zej]8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Paweł, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Andr[zej], Chojecki Jakub8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Maciej, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Andr[zej], Chojecki Jakub8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Paweł, Chojecki Maciej, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Andr[zej], Chojecki Jakub8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Paweł, Chojecki Maciej, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Andr[zej], Chojecki Jakub8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Paweł, Chojecki Maciej, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Andr[zej], Chojecki Jakub8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths.
1789 T₀89List of possessors of holdings of 1789
An entry from the right-hand column of the card. The three entries of the right-hand column (13–15) are clasped from outside by one large brace, and below it stands the note „nie wysiewają 10 korcy” — in the plural, so it applies to all three and ONLY to them: the brace does not reach the left-hand column.
An entry from the right-hand column of the card. The three entries of the right-hand column (13–15) are clasped from outside by one large brace, and below it stands the note „nie wysiewają 10 korcy” — in the plural, so it applies to all three and ONLY to them: the brace does not reach the left-hand column.
An entry from the right-hand column of the card. The three entries of the right-hand column (13–15) are clasped from outside by one large brace, and below it stands the note „nie wysiewają 10 korcy” — in the plural, so it applies to all three and ONLY to them: the brace does not reach the left-hand column.
A WOMAN. On this card the surname is written clearly: „Niemczynowskiey”. On cards 2 and 4 (349) the same person is recorded „Niemczanowskiey” — a difference of the vowel after „cz”. I record the form of this card.
1790 T90Hearth tax register 1790
It agrees with card 1 (T75 entry 2), where it stands „cz. Szymonowey Łęczyckiey wdowy” — Szymon Łęczycki was already dead by then.
The surname corrected on the card: the beginning of the word („Bork-”) is gone over in thicker, darker ink over the original wording; the ending „-owskiego” is untouched. The final reading „Borkowskiego” is certain, the original wording beneath the correction cannot be read.
A WOMAN — a forename of her own and the feminine form of the surname. I read the surname as „Niemczanowskiej” [reading uncertain as to the vowel after the „cz”]; on card 5 (card 5) the same person is written more distinctly as „Niemczynowskiey”. The form is not in the dictionary of the neighbourhood (there are Niemiera, Niemira, Niemierzyna there) — I record what stands on the card.
the same entry also names: Zdanowski Piotr2 persons on 2 hearths
the same entry also names: Zdanowski Jakób2 persons on 2 hearths
the same entry also names: Ługowski Wojciech2 persons on 2 hearths
„syna Antoniego” — the father's forename entered after a correction: on the card „An-” was left, the further course of the word struck out, and above it „toniego” written in. The father I do not record as a separate person — the card names him only to distinguish the two Wojciechs.
the same entry also names: Ługowski Wojciech2 persons on 2 hearths
„syna Stanisława” (son of Stanisław) — the father's forename serves to distinguish him from the preceding Wojciech; I do not enter the father as a separate person.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Jan, Chojecki Maciej, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Wojciech8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths. „Franciszka syna Krzysztofa” is connected with „Sukcessorami Krzysztofa” from card 1 (card 1), T75 entry 1).
the same entry also names: Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Jan, Chojecki Maciej, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Wojciech8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths. „Franciszka syna Krzysztofa” is connected with „Sukcessorami Krzysztofa” from card 1 (card 1), T75 entry 1).
„Franciszka syna Krzysztofa” — the second Franciszek, distinguished by his father's forename; I do not enter the father as a separate person.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Jan, Chojecki Maciej, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Wojciech8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths. „Franciszka syna Krzysztofa” is connected with „Sukcessorami Krzysztofa” from card 1 (card 1), T75 entry 1).
the same entry also names: Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Maciej, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Wojciech8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths. „Franciszka syna Krzysztofa” is connected with „Sukcessorami Krzysztofa” from card 1 (card 1), T75 entry 1).
the same entry also names: Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Jan, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Wojciech8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths. „Franciszka syna Krzysztofa” is connected with „Sukcessorami Krzysztofa” from card 1 (card 1), T75 entry 1).
the same entry also names: Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Jan, Chojecki Maciej, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Wojciech8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths. „Franciszka syna Krzysztofa” is connected with „Sukcessorami Krzysztofa” from card 1 (card 1), T75 entry 1).
the same entry also names: Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Jan, Chojecki Maciej, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Wojciech8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths. „Franciszka syna Krzysztofa” is connected with „Sukcessorami Krzysztofa” from card 1 (card 1), T75 entry 1).
the same entry also names: Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Jan, Chojecki Maciej, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Szymon8 persons on 8 hearths
Eight persons, eight hearths. „Franciszka syna Krzysztofa” is connected with „Sukcessorami Krzysztofa” from card 1 (card 1), T75 entry 1).
1794 T94Hearth tax register 1794
This card does not repeat the office („komornika ziemi Łukowskiej”) beside him — T90 gives it on card 2.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Maciej8 persons on 8 hearths
The first six forenames the card does not separate with commas (the commas appear only from „po Krzysztofie,” onwards). The card's own reckoning — „po 1 dymie” and „= 8 d.”, with the year's total of 21 — requires eight separate persons, so „Jakóba Stanisława” is two persons, not one man with two forenames. The forename „Jakóba” stands here twice and the second time it is NOT struck out (the horizontal sign above it is the double underlining of the „4 d.” of the line above) — otherwise than in T89 on card 3 (card 3), where the repeated „Jakuba” was struck out. After the second „Jakóba” stands a short vertical stroke — a separating sign set by the maker of the card index where the commas were wanting, not a letter.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Maciej8 persons on 8 hearths
The first six forenames the card does not separate with commas (the commas appear only from „po Krzysztofie,” onwards). The card's own reckoning — „po 1 dymie” and „= 8 d.”, with the year's total of 21 — requires eight separate persons, so „Jakóba Stanisława” is two persons, not one man with two forenames. The forename „Jakóba” stands here twice and the second time it is NOT struck out (the horizontal sign above it is the double underlining of the „4 d.” of the line above) — otherwise than in T89 on card 3 (card 3), where the repeated „Jakuba” was struck out. After the second „Jakóba” stands a short vertical stroke — a separating sign set by the maker of the card index where the commas were wanting, not a letter.
„Franciszka po Krzysztofie” (Franciszek, after Krzysztof) — the second Franciszek, distinguished by his father's forename; I do not enter the father as a separate person. In T75 (card 1) and in T90 (card 2) the same Krzysztof appears as deceased („Sukcessorów Krzysztofa”, „Franciszka syna Krzysztofa”).
the same entry also names: Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Maciej8 persons on 8 hearths
The first six forenames the card does not separate with commas (the commas appear only from „po Krzysztofie,” onwards). The card's own reckoning — „po 1 dymie” and „= 8 d.”, with the year's total of 21 — requires eight separate persons, so „Jakóba Stanisława” is two persons, not one man with two forenames. The forename „Jakóba” stands here twice and the second time it is NOT struck out (the horizontal sign above it is the double underlining of the „4 d.” of the line above) — otherwise than in T89 on card 3 (card 3), where the repeated „Jakuba” was struck out. After the second „Jakóba” stands a short vertical stroke — a separating sign set by the maker of the card index where the commas were wanting, not a letter.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Maciej8 persons on 8 hearths
The first six forenames the card does not separate with commas (the commas appear only from „po Krzysztofie,” onwards). The card's own reckoning — „po 1 dymie” and „= 8 d.”, with the year's total of 21 — requires eight separate persons, so „Jakóba Stanisława” is two persons, not one man with two forenames. The forename „Jakóba” stands here twice and the second time it is NOT struck out (the horizontal sign above it is the double underlining of the „4 d.” of the line above) — otherwise than in T89 on card 3 (card 3), where the repeated „Jakuba” was struck out. After the second „Jakóba” stands a short vertical stroke — a separating sign set by the maker of the card index where the commas were wanting, not a letter.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Wojciech8 persons on 8 hearths
The first six forenames the card does not separate with commas (the commas appear only from „po Krzysztofie,” onwards). The card's own reckoning — „po 1 dymie” and „= 8 d.”, with the year's total of 21 — requires eight separate persons, so „Jakóba Stanisława” is two persons, not one man with two forenames. The forename „Jakóba” stands here twice and the second time it is NOT struck out (the horizontal sign above it is the double underlining of the „4 d.” of the line above) — otherwise than in T89 on card 3 (card 3), where the repeated „Jakuba” was struck out. After the second „Jakóba” stands a short vertical stroke — a separating sign set by the maker of the card index where the commas were wanting, not a letter.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Maciej8 persons on 8 hearths
The first six forenames the card does not separate with commas (the commas appear only from „po Krzysztofie,” onwards). The card's own reckoning — „po 1 dymie” and „= 8 d.”, with the year's total of 21 — requires eight separate persons, so „Jakóba Stanisława” is two persons, not one man with two forenames. The forename „Jakóba” stands here twice and the second time it is NOT struck out (the horizontal sign above it is the double underlining of the „4 d.” of the line above) — otherwise than in T89 on card 3 (card 3), where the repeated „Jakuba” was struck out. After the second „Jakóba” stands a short vertical stroke — a separating sign set by the maker of the card index where the commas were wanting, not a letter.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Wojciech, Chojecki Maciej8 persons on 8 hearths
The first six forenames the card does not separate with commas (the commas appear only from „po Krzysztofie,” onwards). The card's own reckoning — „po 1 dymie” and „= 8 d.”, with the year's total of 21 — requires eight separate persons, so „Jakóba Stanisława” is two persons, not one man with two forenames. The forename „Jakóba” stands here twice and the second time it is NOT struck out (the horizontal sign above it is the double underlining of the „4 d.” of the line above) — otherwise than in T89 on card 3 (card 3), where the repeated „Jakuba” was struck out. After the second „Jakóba” stands a short vertical stroke — a separating sign set by the maker of the card index where the commas were wanting, not a letter.
the same entry also names: Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Stanisław, Chojecki Jakób, Chojecki Szymon, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Franciszek, Chojecki Maciej8 persons on 8 hearths
The first six forenames the card does not separate with commas (the commas appear only from „po Krzysztofie,” onwards). The card's own reckoning — „po 1 dymie” and „= 8 d.”, with the year's total of 21 — requires eight separate persons, so „Jakóba Stanisława” is two persons, not one man with two forenames. The forename „Jakóba” stands here twice and the second time it is NOT struck out (the horizontal sign above it is the double underlining of the „4 d.” of the line above) — otherwise than in T89 on card 3 (card 3), where the repeated „Jakuba” was struck out. After the second „Jakóba” stands a short vertical stroke — a separating sign set by the maker of the card index where the commas were wanting, not a letter.
the same entry also names: Zdanowski Piotr2 persons on 2 hearths
the same entry also names: Zdanowski Jakób2 persons on 2 hearths
the same entry also names: Ługowski Wojciech2 persons on 2 hearths
the same entry also names: Ługowski Wojciech2 persons on 2 hearths
„Wojciecha po Stanisławie” — the second Wojciech, distinguished by his father's forename; I do not enter the father as a separate person. In T90 on card 2 (card 2) the same pair: „Wojciecha syna An[toniego] i Wojciecha syna Stanisława Ługowskich”.
A WOMAN. I read the surname on this card as „Niemczanowskiej” [uncertain reading as to the vowel after „cz”]; on card 5 (card 5) the same person is recorded more clearly as „Niemczynowskiey”. The form is not in the SLOWNIK-OKOLICY — I record what stands on the card.
This locality in the full edition of the hearth-tax registers — together with a search across all persons, a modern map, Perthées’s engraving of 1786 and a statistical summary.
