Biardy

Parish of Łuków, łukowski county.

Dear reader, remember that this is an AI study, that it may contain errors; treat it as indicative and verify it for yourself.

Offices: Potocki Kajetan (starost of Dymir (starosta dymirski)

Extracts from outside the registers

Records under sigla which the card index does not expand. They give no hearths, so they enter no total.

MPcard 1)MP - Bilerdy v. Biardy - do dzierżawy gręzowskiej;

note: A one-line note of affiliation, without hearths and without persons — the same type of record as „MP - Ciosna - do starostwa wiszniowskiego” (card 1), „MP - Dębowierzchy - do starostwa kąkolewnickiego” (card 1) and „MP. Dąbie - do dzierżawy gręzowskiej” (card 2). It does not enter the reckoning of hearths, in accordance with the practice of the village files so far. The siglum without full stops, with a stroke („MP -”). „v.” = vel, or. THE FIRST FORM OF THE NAME [reading uncertain]: at a tenfold and a fourteenfold magnification one sees „B - i (with a dot) - l (a narrow, tall loop) - e (a small, closed loop) - r (a wavy mark) - d - y”, that is „Bilerdy”. For such a reading: the third letter has a full, tall loop, identical with the „l” in „królewska” from the same card, and the fourth is distinctly narrower and smaller than the „a” in „Biardy” standing beside it. Against: I know no such form from the literature, and there is here neither a stroke of deletion nor a blot, so the indistinctness comes from the writing itself. Possible secondary readings: „Bilordy”, „Bilardy”. THE SECOND form, „Biardy”, is certain and agrees with the heading.

Ls.89card 1)Ls.89. wś: do ⟨wyraz skreślony: „dzierż…”⟩ star. gręzowskiego - ⟨wyraz nieodczytany, czyta się „kower”⟩. grunta piaszczyste, ale od gręzowskich urodzajniejsze; poddani bardziej rolnicy niż smolarze

note: An extract under a siglum from outside the list of sources, without a single figure of hearths and without a single person — it does not enter the reckoning of hearths, just as Ls.89 at Lipniaki (card 2), Brzozowica (card 2), Ciosna (card 2), Ruska Wola (card 2) and Ls.79 at Dębowierzchy (card 3). The siglum written „Ls.89.”, the abbreviation of the village „wś:” with a colon (at Ciosna „w.”, at Ruska Wola „wś”). The extract takes up three lines and reaches the lower edge of the card. A WORD STRUCK OUT: before „star.” stands a word struck through with one horizontal stroke, legible at most as „dzierż…” [reading uncertain] — the author of the card index thus corrected „dzierżawy” to „starostwa”, although MP and T89 on the same card speak of the LEASEHOLD of Gręzówka. A WORD NOT READ: after „gręzowskiego -” stands a short word ending in a full stop, five letters, 240 px wide against 260 px for the six-character „karcz.,” from the same card. The first letter is certain — „k”, in shape stroke for stroke the same as the „k” in „gręzowskiego” in the same line and in „karcz.” in band 3; further one sees in turn a small bowl, a two-humped mark („w”), a second small bowl and an „r” ending in a flag, which gives „kower” or „kewer”. The sense I DO NOT SETTLE and I substitute here no word from the vocabulary: in the corresponding place of the Ls.89 extracts of other villages stand either establishments („folw. brow, karcz.” — Brzozowica, „brow. karcz.” — Dębowierzchy), or the number of settled homesteads („osiedłości gosp. 42”), so the word most probably belongs to that family, but the reading „dwór” I RULE OUT — a comparison with the word „dwór” written by the same hand on card 2) (Dąbie, T89) shows in the „d” a closed upper loop and an „ó” with an acute, which are not here. The rest of the extract is legible without reservation: „grunta piaszczyste, ale od gręzowskich urodzajniejsze; poddani bardziej rolnicy niż smolarze”. That sentence is in itself a find: it sets Biardy beside neighbouring Gręzówka and says that the subjects there followed the trade of tar-burning.

spellings on the cards: Biardy, Bilerdy

district of łukowski · parish of Łuków · cards 1)

a royal village of the Gręzówka leasehold (Gręzówka), on a life lease to Potocki, starost of Dymir (starosta dymirski); a brewery, an inn and 14 cottages with 1 householder = 16 hearths [O83 (IX), T89, T90, MP]; the land sandy, but more fertile than that of Gręzówka, the subjects rather husbandmen than tar-burners [Ls.89]

Population 1787

of whom Christians

of whom Jews

persons per hearth

4.5

Year	Source	Entries	Hearths
T89	Hearth tax register 1789	1	16
T90	Hearth tax register 1790	1	17

Without an extract for 1775 and 1794 — no card of this village carries that tariff. It is a missing extract in the card index, not a gap in the numbering of the cards.

The card-index entries

Every extract for this locality in the wording of the cards, year by year. One block is one occurrence: this person, in this year. At a collective item the same card text stands beside every person named — because the card names them together and they must not be separated. The hearths given at a collective item are an equal division among those named, not a reading.

O83 O83A description of 1783 [the expansion of the siglum to be confirmed]

PotockiKajetanstarost of Dymir (starosta dymirski)starost of Dymir (starosta dymierski)starost of Dymin (starosta dymiński) [reading uncertain]

O83O83 (IX) - wieś królewska, dzierżawy dożywotniej Potockiego, starosty dymirskiegocard 1)

A characterisation of the village, not a list of hearths — hence the hearths figure is empty, the numbering „1” editorial. The number in brackets I read as the Roman „IX”, as with the other villages. O83 GIVES NO FORENAME — the surname alone remains, „Potocki”; I do not supply the forename, although Ls.89 on the neighbouring card of Dąbie (card 2) calls the possessor of the Gręzówka lease „Kajetanem Potockim” — that, however, is another card and another source, and so I do not decide the connection. The office is recorded literally after the card: „starosty dymirskiego” → „starosta dymirski” (the starosty of Dymir, in the Kiev voivodeship). The reading of the adjective was checked at tenfold magnification and set beside the neighbouring words: after „dym” stands an „i” with a clear dot, then the wavy „r” of this hand (the same as in „karcz.”, „gręzowskiej”, „Biardy”), then „skiego”. The reading „dymińskiego” I reject — the „ń” would have an acute, and there is none. The word „dożywotniej” is written with a „t” with a crossbar and a dot over the „i” in the ending.

This locality in the full edition of the hearth-tax registers — together with a search across all persons, a modern map, Perthées’s engraving of 1786 and a statistical summary.